Methods for planting roses
Methods for planting roses
Roses which we plant carefully and expertly will grow without problems and will grow vigorously for decades, enjoying us with their abundant flowering.
The position of roses. Roses like sunny and airy places, but do not tolerate the violent gusts of wind or cold drafts, which can damage the long stems and flowers. You should also avoid shady places under the trees, near the wall, as too much moisture can cause root rot, and promote the development of certain diseases. Due to the sensitivity of flowers, roses shouldn't be planted in positions that are too strong southern sunlight or too close to southern walls where the sun's rays bounce off the walls and heat the plant from other side.
Place for roses should be sunny or partly in shadow. The place for roses with trees and shrubs you must choose very carefully. They shouldn't belong to the rose family (Rosaceae), and the its crown can't completely shade rose shrub
When we selecting a location for the cultivation of roses we should note that the position must to be sunny and provide good draught, to quickly dried up leaves. The soil should contain large amount of humus, be deeply cultivated, and not compacted. pH between 6.5 and 7.5. You should also avoid competition of roots of other plants and planting roses after roses.
It must also be regularly care for fertilization and evenly irrigation. Purchased decorative plants with bare root (without soil and without pots or in moist peat), from the time of purchase to time when it's planted, should be store in moist soil in a shady spot. Before planting, we must cut the roots to the length of about 15 - 20 cm and soak the roots leaving them for a few hours in the water. The most valuable for the plants are small, thin roots that will draw water at the earliest. When planting in sunny days, it's necessary to spray them with water that will not dry out.
The acidity of the soil. To find the pH of soil acidity we should make the chemical analysis of it. You can get an information about the laboratory that make the analysis of the soil in garden store. The ideal pH of the soil in which we wont to plant roses is from 6.5 to 7.5. The pH scale is comprised between 1 and 14, where 1 is an acidic soil, 14 is an alkaline soil and 7 is a neutral soil. If the soil is too acidic, you must put the lime into the holes prepared for roses. However, if it is alkaline, you need to add potassium or ammonium sulfate. These products can be purchased in stores or garden centres, over there you can also get an information about the required quantities and dosages.
Time for planting. Rose bushes purchased in containers or pots can be planted during whole year. The best time, especially for shrubs with exposed roots wrapped in damp peat is in April or September and October. The advantage of autumn planting is early rooting of the plants, therefore the earlier start to the growing season and a greater choice of varieties (plants from the nursery are lifted at this time of year).
We cut the overground and underground stems. When preparing seedling to plant out we should cut the overground stems to the length of about 20 - 25 cm. Remove completely dry stems. All shoots that are distinctly thinner than a pencil are also removed. From the roots area we remove only this ones which are over-grown and matted. It's important that after cutting over-grown roots the plant should preserve as many small and thin roots as possible. They are responsible for the proper adaptation and adoption of a bush in the new ground. Thicker roots are reduced by one-third to half of the maximum length. When you working with roses use the thick leather gloves due to sharp spikes and wounding hands which have most varieties of roses.
Seedlings in a water bath. Under the conditions of the storage (in the nursery, the warehouse, cold) seedlings without soil always lose moisture. Water shortage after purchase should be completed by putting the roots to a bucket of water for about 4 - 5 hours. It is the best if all the roots will be under water, so that the liquid can be absorb over the entire surface. For a period of absorption in a bucket of water rose bush should be in the shade, not in direct sunlight. Do not keep the roses in water more then 24 hours because it leads to the death of all roots.
Trying roots. After preparing the soil and the position for the rose we must dig a hole which size will depending on the development of the root system of rose bush. (diameter and height about 30 cm). Then we can start to plant a rose busch. Grafted roses have characteristic thickening between the roots and the overground stems. It is a remnant of graft. After settle the seedling in the hole thickening should be found about 3 - 5 cm (thickness of three fingers) into the ground, so that will be well protected from frost. In the same way we plant a potted roses. The soil which we fill up the hole and roots we can improve by compost, by the long-acting fertilizer (granular) or by horn meal (50g). At the bottom of the hole we build a small mound on which we spread the roots radially. The roots can't be bent or protruding upwards. When we planting it's important to compress the soil around shrubs by heel shoe or hands to avoid air bubbles in the roots.
Watering. We knead the ground in filled hole in such way that it form the bowl around the rose. Thanks to this bowl of ground, water will not pour out outside the scope of the root ball and effectively enrich to newly planted plants. Seedlings should be watered abundantly even during bad weather, so that the soil can quickly settle and close the air bubbles. The roots will have better contact with the ground and will adopt faster. When the soil will settle after watering, we put a little bit more of it to level the position of the plant.
Making mounds. During the autumn planting especially in late October and November it's recommended to cover the roses with ground to a height of 20 - 30 cm. leaving trimmed ends about 10 cm above the ground. It aims to protect the young, green shoots from the disastrous effects of wind and sun during rooting.
Planting spacing depends on the variety, soil fertility and destination. Large-flowered roses are planted usually at 30-40 cm, climbing roses at 25-30 cm, while the roses lime plasters at 60-80 cm.
Transplanting. The best time for transplanting roses is in the autumn. First, pour the ground with water that, during the excavation of the bush, was not too compacted. Dig a bush out of the ground carefully with a spade. Try to damage the roots as little as possible and form a root system. Planting has to be done similarly as in the case of newly purchased bush. Again, please note that working with roses can be dangerous. Remember to use thick leather gloves due to the harsh and hurtful thorns of most varieties of roses. Rose thorns wounds heal for a long time and are painful.